Paulinellidae

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Genus Micropyxidiella

Testate amoebae with filamentous pseudopodia, entirely organic shell (without self-secreted scales or mineral particles). Shell is ovoid, transparent and comparable to the related species of Ovulinata parva. Shell with a pointed end, reminding of certain members of genus Difflugia such as D. acuminata, clearly visible under scanning electron microscopy, but not under light microscopy. Aperture is terminal, slit-like. Large round nucleus (about 20 % of shell length). Ecology: soil. Monospecific. Type species: Micropyxidiella edaphonis Tarnawski et Lara, 2015.

Genus Ovulinata

Shell is ovoid, small (15 µm), organic, lacking scales or mineral particles, aperture is terminal, circular to oval, pseudopodia filose, hyaline (sometimes branched), long tapering to a point, arising directly from aperture or from the periphery of a web of hyaline cytoplasm emergent from the aperture. Mitochondria with tubular cristae. Ecology: marine interstitial. Type species: Ovulinata parva Anderson et al., 1997. Note: After original description (Anderson et al., 1996, 1997) Howe et al. (2011) placed the genus to a new family Ovulinatidae. Diagnosis: filose amoebae with ovoid organic shell, lacking scales or mineral particles, aperture is circular to oval; pseudopodia hyaline, sometimes branched, long, tapering to a point, arising directly from aperture or fromweb of hyaline cytoplasm emergent from it. Differs from its sister family Paulinellidae by lacking silica scales or plastid-like enslaved cyanobacterium. Type genus: Ovulinata Anderson, Rogerson et Hannah, 1997. This new family is essential because the trees show that Ovulinata was previously wrongly classified in Pseudodifflugiidae (Thecofilosea) and must be transferred to Imbricatea and Euglyphida. It differs so radically from Paulinella that it cannot be included in the same family.

Genus Paulinella

Shell is ovoid, covered with siliceous rectangular plates with slightly rounded, scarcely overlapping ends, arranged in circumferential longitudinal rows; in apertural view the plates form a counter-clockwise spiral, with one pentagonal scale at the aboral pole. Aperture is terminal or suberminal, circular or oval, sometimes located on the end of a small neck. Cytoplasm usually contains two sausage-like endosymbionts of cyanobacterial origin. Ecology: marine, brackish water and freshwater plants. Type species: Paulinella chromatophora Lauterborn, 1895

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